Holy Bible
The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία, tà biblía, "the books") is a canonical collection of texts considered sacred in Judaism or Christianity.The Hebrew Bible, or Tanakh, contains twenty-four books divided into three parts; the five books of the Torah ("teaching" or "law"), the Nevi'im ("prophets"), and the Ketuvim ("writings").
Development of the Old Testament Canon
1000-50 BC:
The Old Testament (hereafter "OT") books are written.
C. 200 BC:
Rabbis translate the OT from Hebrew to Greek, a translation called the "Septuagint" (abbreviation: "LXX"). The LXX ultimately includes 46 books.
AD 30-100:
Christians use the LXX as their scriptures. This upsets the Jews.
C. AD 100:
So Jewish rabbis meet at the Council of Jamniah and decide to include in their canon only 39 books, since only these can be found in Hebrew.
C. AD 400:
Jerome translates the Bible from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (called the "Vulgate"). He knows that the Jews have only 39 books, and he wants to limit the OT to these; the 7 he would leave out (Tobit, Judith, 1 Maccabees, 2 Maccabees, Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach [or "Ecclesiasticus"], and Baruch--he calls "apocrypha," that is, "hidden books." But Pope Damasus wants all 46 traditionally-used books included in the OT, so the Vulgate has 46.
AD 1536:
Luther translates the Bible from Hebrew and Greek to German. He assumes that, since Jews wrote the Old Testament, theirs is the correct canon; he puts the extra 7 books in an appendix that he calls the "Apocrypha."
AD 1546:
The Catholic Council of Trent reaffirms the canonicity of all 46 books.
Development of the New Testament Canon
C. AD 51-125:
The New Testament books are written, but during this same period other early Christian writings are produced--for example, the Didache (c. AD 70), 1 Clement (c. 96), the Epistle of Barnabas (c. 100), and the 7 letters of Ignatius of Antioch (c. 110).
C. AD 140:
Marcion, a businessman in Rome, teaches that there were two Gods: Yahweh, the cruel God of the OT, and Abba, the kind father of the NT. So Marcion eliminates the Old Testament as scriptures and, since he is anti-Semitic, keeps from the NT only 10 letters of Paul and 2/3 of Luke's gospel (he deletes references to Jesus' Jewishness). Marcion's "New Testament"--the first to be compiled--forces the mainstream Church to decide on a core canon: the four gospels and letters of Paul.
C. AD 200:
But the periphery of the canon is not yet determined. According to one list, compiled at Rome c. AD 200 (the Muratorian Canon), the NT consists of the 4 gospels; Acts; 13 letters of Paul (Hebrews is not included); 3 of the 7 General Epistles (1-2 John and Jude); and also the Apocalypse of Peter.
AD 367:
The earliest extant list of the books of the NT, in exactly the number and order in which we presently have them, is written by Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria, in his Easter letter of 367.
AD 904:
Pope Damasus, in a letter to a French bishop, lists the New Testament books in their present number and order.
AD 1442:
At the Council of Florence, the entire Church recognizes the 27 books, though does not declare them unalterable.
AD 1536:
In his translation of the Bible from Greek into German, Luther removes 4 NT books (Hebrews, James, Jude, and Revelations) from their normal order and places them at the end, stating that they are less than canonical.
AD 1546:
At the Council of Trent, the Catholic Church reaffirms once and for all the full list of 27 books as traditionally accepted.
The Old Testament Books written by the prophets such as Moses, David, Isaiah, etc.
Pentateuch - 5 books:
Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy
Historical Books - 12 books:
Joshua, Judges, Ruth, First Samuel, Second Samuel, First Kings, Second Kings, First Chronicles, Second Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther.
Poetical - 5 books:
Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon
Prophetical - 17 books:
Major Prophets - Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel;
Minor Prophets - Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi
The New Testament Books written by those who knew Jesus or were under the guidance of those who did
Historical Books - 5 books:
Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Acts
Pauline Epistles - 13 books:
Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 Thessalonians, 2 Thessalonians. 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon
Non-Pauline Epistles - 9 books:
Hebrews, James, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Jude, Revelation
Note: Some authors attribute Hebrews to Paul. (1). The Bible was written over a period of about 1600 years. From about 1490 BC to about 100 AD.
(2). The Bible consists of 66 separate books: 39 in the Old Testament and 27 in the New Testament.
(3). These 66 separate books were written by about 40 different writers: Kings, such as David and Solomon. Statesmen: such as Daniel and Nehemiah. Priests: such as Ezra. Men taught in the wisdom of Egypt: such as Moses. Men taught in the Jewish Law: such as Paul. Herdsmen: such as Amos. Tax collectors: such as Matthew. Unlearned and ignorant fishermen: such as Peter, James and John. A physician: such as Luke. And mighty overseers: such as Isaiah, Ezekiel and Zechariah.
(4). Parts of the Bible were written in the desert of the Sinai.
(5), Parts of the Bible were written in Arabia.
(6). Parts of the Bible were written in the hills and towns of Palestine.
(7). Parts of the Bible were written in the courts of the Temple.
(8). Parts of the Bible were written in the schools of the prophets at Bethel and Jericho.
(9). Parts of the Bible were written in the palace of Shushan in Persia.
(10). Parts of the Bible were written on the banks of the Chebar River in Babylonia.
(11). Parts of the Bible were written in the dungeons of Rome.
(12). Parts of the Bible were written on the lonely island of Patmos in the Aegean Sea.
Yet one of the most amazing and miraculous things about all this, is that after 1600 years and 40 different writers, they all talked about the same thing, with no contradictions and no errors (in the original languages of the Hebrew and Greek).
Old Testament
The Bible comes from two main sources - Old and New Testaments - written in different languages. The Old Testament was written primarily in Hebrew, with some books written in Aramaic. The following are brief snap shots of the beginning and ending of the Old Testament and the reasons for the first two translations of the Old Testament from Hebrew into Aramaic and Greek
1875 B.C. Abraham was called by God to the land of Canaan.
1450 B.C. The exodus of the Children of Israel from Egypt.
Autographs
There are no known autographs of any books of the Old Testament. Below is a list of the languages in which the Old Testament books were written.
1450-1400 B.C. The traditional date for Moses' writing of Genesis-Deuteronomy written in Hebrew.
586 B.C. Jerusalem was destroyed by the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar. The Jews were taken into captivity to Babylon. They remained in Babylon under the Medo-Persian Empire and there began to speak Aramaic.
555-545 B.C. The Book of Daniel Chapters. 2:4 to 7:28 were written in Aramaic.
425 B.C. Malachi, the last book of the Old Testament, was written in Hebrew.
400 B.C. Ezra Chapters. 4:8 to 6:18; and 7:12-26 were written in Aramaic.
Manuscripts
The following is a list of the oldest Hebrew manuscripts of the Old Testament that are still in existence.
The Dead Sea Scrolls: date from 200 B.C. - 70 A.D. and contain the entire book of Isaiah and portions of every other Old Testament book but Esther.
Geniza Fragments: portions the Old Testament in Hebrew and Aramaic, discovered in 1947 in an old synagogue in Cairo, Egypt, which date from about 400 A.D.
Ben Asher Manuscripts: five or six generations of this family made copies of the Old Testament using the Masoretic Hebrew text, from 700-950 A.D. The following are examples of the Hebrew Masoretic text-type.
Aleppo Codex: contains the complete Old Testament and is dated around 950 A.D. Unfortunately over one quarter of this Codex was destroyed in anti-Jewish riots in 1947.
Codex Leningradensis: The complete Old Testament in Hebrew copied by the last member of the Ben Asher family in A.D. 1008.
Translations
The Old Testament was translated very early into Aramaic and Greek.
400 B.C. The Old Testament began to be translated into Aramaic. This translation is called the Aramaic Targums. This translation helped the Jewish people, who began to speak Aramaic from the time of their captivity in Babylon, to understand the Old Testament in the language that they commonly spoke. In the first century Palestine of Jesus' day, Aramaic was still the commonly spoken language. For example maranatha: "Our Lord has come," 1 Corinthians 16:22 is an example of an Aramaic word that is used in the New Testament.
250 B.C. The Old Testament was translated into Greek. This translation is known as the Septuagint. It is sometimes designated "LXX" (which is Roman numeral for "70") because it was believed that 70 to 72 translators worked to translate the Hebrew Old Testament in Greek. The Septuagint was often used by New Testament writers when they quoted from the Old Testament. The LXX was translation of the Old Testament that was used by the early Church.
1. The following is a list of the oldest Greek LXX translations of the Old Testament that are still in existence.
Chester Beatty Papyri: Contains nine Old Testament Books in the Greek Septuagint and dates between 100-400 A.D.
Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus each contain almost the entire Old Testament of the Greek Septuagint and they both date around 350 A.D.
The New Testament
Autographs
45- 95 A.D. The New Testament was written in Greek. The Pauline Epistles, the Gospel of Mark, the Gospel of Luke, and the book of Acts are all dated from 45-63 A.D. The Gospel of John and the Revelation may have been written as late as 95 A.D.
Manuscripts
There are over 5,600 early Greek Manuscripts of the New Testament that are still in existence. The oldest manuscripts were written on papyrus and the later manuscripts were written on leather called parchment.
125 A.D. The New Testament manuscript which dates most closely to the original autograph was copied around 125 A.D, within 35 years of the original. It is designated "p 52" and contains a small portion of John 18. (The "p" stands for papyrus.)
200 A.D. Bodmer p 66 a papyrus manuscript which contains a large part of the Gospel of John.
200 A.D. Chester Beatty Biblical papyrus p 46 contains the Pauline Epistles and Hebrews.
225 A.D. Bodmer Papyrus p 75 contains the Gospels of Luke and John.
250-300 A.D. Chester Beatty Biblical papyrus p 45 contains portions of the four Gospels and Acts.
350 A.D. Codex Sinaiticus contains the entire New Testament and almost the entire Old Testament in Greek. It was discovered by a German scholar Tisendorf in 1856 at an Orthodox monastery at Mt. Sinai.
350 A.D. Codex Vaticanus: {B} is an almost complete New Testament. It was cataloged as being in the Vatican Library since 1475.
Translations
Early translations of the New Testament can give important insight into the underlying Greek manuscripts from which they were translated.
180 A.D. Early translations of the New Testament from Greek into Latin, Syriac, and Coptic versions began about 180 A.D.
195 A.D. The name of the first translation of the Old and New Testaments into Latin was termed Old Latin, both Testaments having been translated from the Greek. Parts of the Old Latin were found in quotes by the church father Tertullian, who lived around 160-220 A.D. in north Africa and wrote treatises on theology.
300 A.D. The Old Syriac was a translation of the New Testament from the Greek into Syriac.
300 A.D. The Coptic Versions: Coptic was spoken in four dialects in Egypt. The Bible was translated into each of these four dialects.
380 A.D. The Latin Vulgate was translated by St. Jerome. He translated into Latin the Old Testament from the Hebrew and the New Testament from Greek. The Latin Vulgate became the Bible of the Western Church until the Protestant Reformation in the 1500's. It continues to be the authoritative translation of the Roman Catholic Church to this day. The Protestant Reformation saw an increase in translations of the Bible into the common languages of the people.
Other early translations of the Bible were in Armenian, Georgian, and Ethiopic, Slavic, and Gothic.
1380 A.D. The first English translation of the Bible was by John Wycliffe. He translated the Bible into English from the Latin Vulgate. This was a translation from a translation and not a translation from the original Hebrew and Greek. Wycliffe was forced to translate from the Latin Vulgate because he did not know Hebrew or Greek.
The Advent of Printing
Printing greatly aided the transmission of the biblical texts.
1456 A.D. Gutenberg produced the first printed Bible in Latin. Printing revolutionized the way books were made. From now on books could be published in great numbers and at a lower cost.
1514 A.D. The Greek New Testament was printed for the first time by Erasmus. He based his Greek New Testament from only five Greek manuscripts, the oldest of which dated only as far back as the twelfth century. With minor revisions, Erasmus' Greek New Testament came to be known as the Textus Receptus or the "received texts."
1522 A. D. Polyglot Bible was published. The Old Testament was in Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Latin and the New Testament in Latin and Greek. Erasmus used the Polyglot to revise later editions of his New Testament. Tyndale made use of the Polyglot in his translation on the Old Testament into English which he did not complete because he was martyred in 1534.
1611 A.D. The King James Version into English from the original Hebrew and Greek. The King James translators of the New Testament used the Textus Receptus as the basis for their translations.
1968 A.D. The United Bible Societies 4th Edition of the Greek New Testament. This Greek New Testament made use of the oldest Greek manuscripts which date from 175 A.D. This was the Greek New Testament text from which the NASV and the NIV were translated.
1971 A.D. The New American Standard Version (NASV) was published. It makes use of the wealth of much older Hebrew and Greek manuscripts now available that weren't available at the time of the translation of the KJV. Its wording and sentence structure closely follow the Greek in more of a word for word style.
1983 A.D. The New International Version (NIV) was published. It also made use of the oldest manuscript evidence. It is more of a "thought-for-thought" translation and reads more easily than the NASV.
As an example of the contrast between word-for-word and thought-for-thought translations, notice below the translation of the Greek word "hagios-holy"
NASV Hebrews 9:25. "...the high priest enters the holy place year by year with blood not his own."
NIV Hebrews 9:25. "...the high priest enters the Most Holy Place every year with blood that is not his own."
The NIV supplies "understood" information about the Day of Atonement, namely that the high priest's duties took place in the compartment of the temple known specifically as the Most Holy Place. Note that the NASV simply says "holy place" reflecting the more literal translation of "hagios."
The Integrity of the Manuscript Evidence
As with any ancient book transmitted through a number of handwritten manuscripts, the question naturally arises as to how confident can we be that we have anything resembling the autograph. Let us now look at what evidences we have for the integrity of the New Testament manuscripts. Let us look at the number of manuscripts and how close they date to the autographs of the Bible as compared with other ancient writings of similar age.
Tacitus, the Roman historian, wrote his Annals of Imperial Rome in about A.D. 116. Only one manuscript of his work remains. It was copied about 850 A.D.
Josephus, a Jewish historian, wrote The Jewish War shortly after 70 A.D. There are nine manuscripts in Greek which date from 1000-1200 A.D. and one Latin translation from around 400 A.D.
Homer's Iliad was written around 800 B.C. It was as important to ancient Greeks as the Bible was to the Hebrews. There are over 650 manuscripts remaining but they date from 200 to 300 A.D. which is over a thousand years after the Iliad was written.
The Old Testament autographs were written 1450 - 400 B. C.
The Dead Sea Scrolls date between 200 B.C. to 70 A. D and date within 300 years from when the last book of the Old Testament was written.
Two almost complete Greek LXX translations of the Old Testament date about 350 A. D.
The oldest complete Hebrew Old Testament dates about 950 A. D.
Genesis-Deuteronomy were written over 1200 years before the Dead Sea Scrolls.
Codex Vaticanus is an almost complete Greek translation of the Old Testament dating around 350 A.D. The Aleppo Codex is the oldest complete Old Testament manuscript in Hebrew and was copied around 950 A.D. The Dead Sea Scrolls date from within 200-300 years from the last book of the Old Testament. However since the five books of Moses were written about 1450- 1400 B.C. the Dead Sea Scrolls still come almost 1200 years after the first books of the Old Testament were written.
The New Testament autographs were written between 45-95 A. D.
There are 5,664 Greek manuscripts some dating as early as 125 A. D. and an complete New Testament that dates from 350 A. D.
8,000 to 10,000 Latin Vulgate manuscripts.
8,000 manuscripts in Ethiopic, Coptic, Slavic, Syriac, and Armenian.
In addition, the complete New Testament could be reproduced from the quotes that were made from it by the early church fathers in their letters and sermons.
Authorship and dating of the New Testament books
Skeptics and liberal Christian scholars both seek to date the New Testament books as late first century or early second century writings. They contend that these books were not written by eyewitnesses but rather by second or third hand sources. This allowed for the development of what they view as myths concerning Jesus. For example, they would deny that Jesus actually foretold the destruction of Jerusalem. Rather they would contend that later Christian writers "put these words into his mouth."
Many of the New Testament books claim to be written by eyewitnesses.
The Gospel of John claims to be written by the disciple of the Lord. Recent archeological research has confirmed both the existence of the Pool of Bethesda and that it had five porticoes as described in John 5:2. This correct reference to an incidental detail lends credibility to the claim that the Gospel of John was written by John who as an eyewitness knew Jerusalem before it was destroyed in 70 A. D.
Paul signed his epistles with his own hand. He was writing to churches who knew him. These churches were able to authenticate that these epistles had come from his hands (Galatians 6:11). Clement an associate of Paul's wrote to the Corinthian Church in 97 A. D. urging them to heed the epistle that Paul had sent them.
The following facts strongly suggest that both the Gospel of Luke and the Book of Acts were written prior to 65 A.D. This lends credibility to the author's (Luke) claim to be an eyewitness to Paul's missionary journeys. This would date Mark prior to 65 A.D. and the Pauline epistles between 49-63 A.D.
Acts records the beginning history of the church with persecutions and martyrdoms being mentioned repeatedly. Three men; Peter, Paul, and James the brother of Jesus all play leading roles throughout the book. They were all martyred by 67 A.D., but their martyrdoms are not recorded in Acts.
The church in Jerusalem played a central role in the Book of Acts, but the destruction of the city in 70 A.D. was not mentioned. The Jewish historian Josephus cited the siege and destruction of Jerusalem as befalling the Jews because of their unjust killing of James the brother of Jesus.
The Book of Acts ends with Paul in Rome under house arrest in 62 A.D. In 64 A.D., Nero blamed and persecuted the Christians for the fire that burned down the city of Rome. Paul himself was martyred by 65 A.D. in Rome. Again, neither the terrible persecution of the Christians in Rome nor Paul's martyrdom are mentioned.
Conclusion: These books, Luke-Acts, were written while Luke was an eyewitness to many of the events, and had opportunity to research portions that he was not an eyewitness to.
The church fathers bear witness to even earlier New Testament manuscripts
The earliest manuscripts we have of major portions of the New Testament are p 45, p 46, p66, and p 75, and they date from 175-250 A. D. The early church fathers (97-180 A.D.) bear witness to even earlier New Testament manuscripts by quoting from all but one of the New Testament books. They are also in the position to authenticate those books, written by the apostles or their close associates, from later books such as the gospel of Thomas that claimed to have been written by the apostles, but were not.
Clement (30-100 A.D.) wrote an epistle to the Corinthian Church around 97 A.D. He reminded them to heed the epistle that Paul had written to them years before. Recall that Clement had labored with Paul (Philippians 4:3). He quoted from the following New Testament books: Luke, Acts, Romans, 1 Corinthians, Ephesians, Titus, 1 and 2 Peter, Hebrews, and James.
The apostolic fathers Ignatius (30-107 A.D.), Polycarp (65-155 A.D.), and Papias (70-155 A.D.) cite verses from every New Testament book except 2 and 3 John. They thereby authenticated nearly the entire New Testament. Both Ignatius and Polycarp were disciples of the apostle John.
Justin Martyr, (110-165 A.D.), cited verses from the following 13 books of the New Testament: Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Acts, Romans, 1 Corinthians, Galatians, 2 Thessalonians, Hebrews, 1 and 2 Peter, and Revelation.
Irenaeus, (120-202 A.D.), wrote a five volume work Against Heresies in which,
He quoted from every book of the New Testament but 3 John.
He quoted from the New Testament books over 1,200 times.
How was the New Testament canon determined?
The Early church had three criteria for determining what books were to be included or excluded from the Canon of the New Testament.
First, the books must have apostolic authority-- that is, they must have been written either by the apostles themselves, who were eyewitnesses to what they wrote about, or by associates of the apostles.
Second, there was the criterion of conformity to what was called the "rule of faith." In other words, was the document congruent with the basic Christian tradition that the church recognized as normative.
Third, there was the criterion of whether a document had enjoyed continuous acceptance and usage by the church at large.
The gospel of Thomas is not included in the Canon of the New Testament for the following reasons.
The gospel of Thomas fails the test of Apostolic authority. None of the early church fathers from Clement to Irenaeus ever quoted from the gospel of Thomas. This indicates that they either did not know of it or that they rejected it as spurious. In either case, the early church fathers fail to support the gospel of Thomas' claim to have been written by the apostle. It was believed to by written around 140 A.D. There is no evidence to support its purported claim to be written by the Apostle Thomas himself.
The gospel of Thomas fails to conform to the rule of faith. It purports to contain 114 "secret sayings" of Jesus. Some of these are very similar to the sayings of Jesus recorded in the Four Gospels. For example the gospel of Thomas quotes Jesus as saying, "A city built on a high hill cannot be hidden." This reads the same as Matthew's Gospel except that high is added. But Thomas claims that Jesus said, "Split wood; I am there. Lift up a stone, and you will find me there." That concept is pantheistic. Thomas ends with the following saying that denies women salvation unless they are some how changed into being a man. "Let Mary go away from us, because women are not worthy of life." Jesus is quoted as saying, "Lo, I shall lead her in order to make her male, so that she too may become a living spirit, resembling you males. For every woman who makes herself male will enter into the kingdom of heaven."
The gospel of Thomas fails the test of continuous usage and acceptance. The lack of manuscript evidence plus the failure of the early church fathers to quote from it or recognize it shows that it was not used or accepted in the early Church. Only two manuscripts are known of this "gospel." Until 1945 only a single fifth-century copy translation in Coptic had been found. Then in 1945 a Greek manuscript of the Gospel of Thomas was found at Nag Hammadi in Egypt. This compares very poorly to the thousands of manuscripts that authenticate the Four Gospels.
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"Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light for my path"
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| Before Time |
In the Beginning was the Word |
John 1 |
| Before 4000 BC |
The Creation |
Genesis 1 |
| Before 4000 BC |
The Garden of Eden |
Genesis 2 |
| Before 4000 BC |
The Fall of Man |
Genesis 3 |
| Before 3000 BC |
Cain kills Abel |
Genesis 4 |
| Before 3000 BC |
From Adam to Noah |
Genesis 5 |
| Before 3000 BC |
Wickedness Provokes God's wrath |
Genesis 6 |
| Before 3000 BC |
The Great Flood |
Genesis 7 |
| Before 3000 BC |
The Flood Subsides |
Genesis 8 |
| Before 3000 BC |
Covenant of the Rainbow |
Genesis 9 |
| Before 3000 BC |
Shem, Ham and Japheth |
Genesis 10 |
| Before 2100 BC |
Job's Suffering and Faith |
Job 1 - 42 |
| Before 2100 BC |
The Tower of Babel |
Genesis 11 |
| 2091 BC |
God Sends Abram to Egypt |
Genesis 12 |
| 2090 BC |
The Famine in Canaan |
Genesis 12:10 |
| 2085 BC |
Abram and Lot Part Ways |
Genesis 13 |
| 2085 BC |
Abram Promised Many Descendants |
Genesis 13:14 |
| 2084 BC |
Abram Rescues Lot |
Genesis 14 |
| 2081 BC |
God's Covenant with Abram |
Genesis 15 |
| 2081 BC |
Sarai and Hagar |
Genesis 16 |
| 2080 BC |
Ishmael Born |
Genesis 16:15 |
| 2067 BC |
The Covenant of Circumcision |
Genesis 17 |
| 2067 BC |
God Promises the Birth of Isaac |
Genesis 18 |
| 2067 BC |
The Destruction of Sodom |
Genesis 19 |
| 2067 BC |
Abraham, Sarah and Abimelech |
Genesis 20 |
| 2066 BC |
Isaac Born |
Genesis 21 |
| 2064 BC |
Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away |
Genesis 21:8 |
| 2057 BC |
The Treaty at Beersheba |
Genesis 21:22 |
| 2054 BC |
The Offering of Isaac |
Genesis 22 |
| 2030 BC |
Death and Burial of Sarah |
Genesis 23 |
| 2026 BC |
Isaac Marries Rebekah |
Genesis 24 |
| 2025 BC |
Birth of Jacob and Esau |
Genesis 25 |
| 1991 BC |
Death of Abraham |
Genesis 25:5 |
| 1978 BC |
Esau sells his birthright |
Genesis 25:29 |
| 1977 BC |
Isaac and Abimelech |
Genesis 26 |
| 1929 BC |
Jacob Gets Isaac's Blessing |
Genesis 27 |
| 1928 BC |
Jacob Flees to Laban |
Genesis 28 |
| 1928 BC |
Jacob's vision of a ladder |
Genesis 28:10 |
| 1928 BC |
Jacob Serves Laban |
Genesis 29 |
| 1921 BC |
Jacob Marries Rachel |
Genesis 29:28 |
| 1921 BC |
Jacob and His Sons |
Genesis 30 |
| 1916 BC |
Rachel Bears Joseph |
Genesis 30:22 |
| 1908 BC |
Jacob Leaves for Canaan |
Genesis 31 |
| 1906 BC |
Jacob Wrestles with God |
Genesis 32 |
| 1906 BC |
Jacob Meets Esau |
Genesis 33 |
| 1906 BC |
Jacob Settles in Shechem |
Genesis 33:18 |
| 1906 BC |
Shechem Defiles Dinah |
Genesis 34 |
| 1906 BC |
Jacob Returns to Bethel |
Genesis 35 |
| 1906 BC |
Jacob Named Israel |
Genesis 35:10 |
| 1906 BC |
Descendants of Esau |
Genesis 36 |
| 1903 BC |
Rachel Dies |
Genesis 35:18 |
| 1898 BC |
Joseph's Dreams and Betrayal |
Genesis 37 |
| 1898 BC |
Joseph Sold into Slavery |
Genesis 37:25 |
| 1898 BC |
Tamar deceives Judah |
Genesis 38 |
| 1898 BC |
Joseph Prospers Under Potiphar |
Genesis 39 |
| 1889 BC |
Potiphar's Wife Accuses Joseph |
Genesis 39:7 |
| 1889 BC |
Joseph Imprisoned |
Genesis 39:20 |
| 1887 BC |
The Cupbearer and the Baker's Dreams |
Genesis 40 |
| 1886 BC |
Joseph Interprets Pharaoh's Dreams |
Genesis 41 |
| 1886 BC |
Joseph Put in Charge |
Genesis 41:33 |
| 1886 BC |
Seven Years of Plenty Begin |
Genesis 41:47 |
| 1875 BC |
Famine Begins |
Genesis 41:53 |
| 1875 BC |
Joseph's Brothers Sent to Egypt |
Genesis 42 |
| 1875 BC |
Simeon Detained by Joseph |
Genesis 42:24 |
| 1875 BC |
The Return with Benjamin |
Genesis 43 |
| 1875 BC |
Benjamin and the Silver Cup |
Genesis 44 |
| 1875 BC |
Joseph Reveals His Identity |
Genesis 45 |
| 1875 BC |
Joseph Sends for Jacob |
Genesis 45:9 |
| 1875 BC |
Jacob and Family to Egypt |
Genesis 46 |
| 1875 BC |
Jacob to Goshen |
Genesis 47 |
| 1859 BC |
Jacob's Illness |
Genesis 48 |
| 1859 BC |
Jacob's Blessing and Death |
Genesis 49 |
| 1859 BC |
The Burial of Jacob |
Genesis 50 |
| 1806 BC |
The Death of Joseph |
Genesis 50:26 |
| 1800 BC |
Jacob's Family Stays in Egypt |
Exodus 1 |
| 1700 BC |
Israelites Multiply in Egypt |
Exodus 1:6 |
| 1600 BC |
Israelites Oppressed by New King |
Exodus 1:8 |
| 1539 BC |
Pharaoh's Order to Kill Firstborn |
Exodus 1:22 |
| 1525 BC |
The Birth and Adoption of Moses |
Exodus 2 |
| 1486 BC |
Moses Flees into Midian |
Exodus 2:11 |
| 1446 BC |
Israelites Groan in Slavery |
Exodus 2:23 |
| 1446 BC |
Moses Sent to Deliver Israel |
Exodus 3 - 6 |
| 1446 BC |
The Ten Plagues on Egypt |
Exodus 7 - 12 |
| 1446 BC |
The Exodus Begins |
Exodus 13 - 18 |
| 1446 BC |
The Isreaelites At Mount Sinai |
Exodus 19 |
| 1446 BC |
Moses Receives the Commandments |
Exodus 20 |
| 1446 BC |
Moses Receives the Law |
Exodus 21 - 24 |
| 1446 BC |
Preparations for the Tabernacle |
Exodus 25 - 31 |
| 1446 BC |
The Golden Calf and Moses' Anger |
Exodus 32 |
| 1446 BC |
The Journey Resumes |
Exodus 33 - 39 |
| 1445 BC |
The Tabernacle is Erected and Filled |
Exodus 40 |
| 1445 BC |
Laws for Sacrifices and Offerings |
Leviticus 1 - 7 |
| 1445 BC |
Aaron and His Sons Consecrated |
Leviticus 8, 9 |
| 1445 BC |
The Sin of Nadab and Abihu |
Leviticus 10 |
| 1445 BC |
Laws of Purity |
Leviticus 11 - 19 |
| 1445 BC |
Punishments and Regulations |
Leviticus 20 - 22 |
| 1445 BC |
Feasts and Jubilee |
Leviticus 23 |
| 1445 BC |
Census, Tribes, Duties |
Numbers 1 - 6 |
| 1445 BC |
Tabernacle Dedication |
Numbers 7 - 10 |
| 1445 BC |
The People Complain |
Numbers 11, 12 |
| 1445 BC |
The Twelve Spies |
Numbers 13 |
| 1445 BC |
People Murmur at the Spies' Report |
Numbers 14, 15 |
| 1426 BC |
Korah's Rebellion |
Numbers 16 |
| 1426 BC |
Aaron's Staff Buds |
Numbers 17 |
| 1426 BC |
Priests, Red Heifer, Cleansing |
Numbers 18, 19 |
| 1407 BC |
Water from the Rock at Meribah |
Numbers 20 |
| 1407 BC |
Aaron's Death |
Numbers 20:22 |
| 1407 BC |
The Bronze Snake |
Numbers 21 |
| 1407 BC |
Balaam and the Angel |
Numbers 22 - 25 |
| 1407 BC |
The Second Census |
Numbers 26 |
| 1407 BC |
The Daughters of Zelophehad |
Numbers 27 |
| 1407 BC |
Joshua Chosen to Succeed Moses |
Numbers 27:18 |
| 1407 BC |
Special sacrifices and holy days |
Numbers 28, 29 |
| 1407 BC |
Vows of women |
Numbers 30 |
| 1407 BC |
Conquest of Midian |
Numbers 31 |
| 1407 BC |
Division of Transjordan |
Numbers 32 |
| 1407 BC |
Summary of Israel's Journey |
Numbers 33 |
| 1407 BC |
Apportionment of Canaan |
Numbers 34 |
| 1407 BC |
Borders and Cities of Refuge |
Numbers 35 |
| 1407 BC |
Zelophehad's Daughters Marry |
Numbers 36 |
| 1407 BC |
Psalm of Moses |
Psalm 90 |
| 1407 BC |
Moses' Summary of Israel's History |
Deuteronomy 1 - 4 |
| 1406 BC |
Recapitulation of the Law |
Deuteronomy 4:44 - 31 |
| 1406 BC |
The Song of Moses |
Deuteronomy 32 |
| 1406 BC |
Moses Blesses the Twelve Tribes |
Deuteronomy 32:48 |
| 1406 BC |
Blessings of Moses |
Deuteronomy 33 |
| 1406 BC |
The Death of Moses |
Deuteronomy 34 |
| 1406 BC |
God Commissions Joshua |
Joshua 1 |
| 1406 BC |
Rahab Welcomes the Spies |
Joshua 2 |
| 1406 BC |
The Israelites Cross the Jordan |
Joshua 3 - 5 |
| 1406 BC |
Conquer of Jericho and Ai |
Joshua 6 - 8 |
| 1405 BC |
Kings Join against Israel |
Joshua 9 |
| 1405 BC |
The Sun Stands Still |
Joshua 10 |
| 1405 BC |
Northern Palestine Defeated |
Joshua 11, 12 |
| 1399 BC |
Land allotted among the Tribes |
Joshua 13 - 22 |
| 1375 BC |
Joshua's Farewell Address |
Joshua 23, 24 |
| 1375 BC |
Micah's Idolatry |
Judges 17 |
| 1375 BC |
Danites Settle in Laish, Take Micah's Idols |
Judges 18 |
| 1375 BC |
A Levite's Concubine Degraded |
Judges 19 |
| 1375 BC |
Israelites Defeat the Benjamites |
Judges 20 |
| 1375 BC |
Wives for the Benjamites |
Judges 21 |
| 1374 BC |
Israelites Capture Jerusalem, Hebron |
Judges 1 |
| 1374 BC |
Israel Rebuked and Defeated |
Judges 2 |
| 1374 BC |
Israel's idolatry and Servitude; Othniel |
Judges 3 |
| 1334 BC |
Eglon |
Judges 3:12 |
| 1316 BC |
Ehud |
Judges 3:15 |
| 1235 BC |
Deborah and Barak |
Judges 4 |
| 1235 BC |
The Song of Deborah and Barak |
Judges 5 |
| 1169 BC |
Gideon and the Midianites |
Judges 6 - 8 |
| 1140 BC |
Naomi, Ruth and Boaz |
Ruth 1 - 4 |
| 1129 BC |
Abimelech Conspires to Become King |
Judges 9 |
| 1126 BC |
Plot against Abimelech |
Judges 9:22 |
| 1126 BC |
Abimelech is Slain |
Judges 9:50 |
| 1118 BC |
Tola, Jair |
Judges 10 |
| 1100 BC |
Birth of Samuel |
1 Samuel 1 |
| 1100 BC |
Hannah's Song |
1 Samuel 2 |
| 1097 BC |
Jephthah's Covenant with the Gileadites |
Judges 11 |
| 1090 BC |
Jephthah, Ephraim, Ibzan, Elon, Abdon |
Judges 12 |
| 1090 BC |
Israel Oppressed by the Philistines |
Judges 13 |
| 1075 BC |
Samson's Marriage and Riddle |
Judges 14 |
| 1075 BC |
Samson Burns the Philistine Crops |
Judges 15 |
| 1075 BC |
Samson and Delilah |
Judges 16 |
| 1070 BC |
Battle of Shiloh |
1 Samuel 3 |
| 1070 BC |
Philistines Take the Ark |
1 Samuel 4, 5 |
| 1070 BC |
Philistines Return the Ark to Israel |
1 Samuel 6 |
| 1070 BC |
Ark brought to Abinadab's House |
1 Samuel 7 |
| 1050 BC |
Israelites Repent at Mizpeh |
1 Samuel 7:3 |
| 1043 BC |
Saul Becomes King |
1 Samuel 8 - 10 |
| 1042 BC |
Saul Defeats the Ammonites |
1 Samuel 11, 12 |
| 1041 BC |
Saul's War with the Philistines |
1 Samuel 13 |
| 1041 BC |
Jonathan's Miraculous Victory |
1 Samuel 14 |
| 1028 BC |
Saul's Disobedience and Samuel's Rebuke |
1 Samuel 15 |
| 1024 BC |
Samuel Anoints David at Bethlehem |
1 Samuel 16 |
| 1024 BC |
David Kills Goliath |
1 Samuel 17 |
| 1015 BC |
Jonathan's Friendship with David |
1 Samuel 18 |
| 1014 BC |
David Protected from Saul |
1 Samuel 19 |
| 1013 BC |
David and Jonathan's Covenant |
1 Samuel 20 |
| 1013 BC |
David's Psalm of Deliverance (1Sa 20) |
Psalm 59 |
| 1012 BC |
David at Nob and Gath |
1 Samuel 21 |
| 1012 BC |
David's Psalm Fleeing Saul (1Sa 21) |
Psalm 52 |
| 1012 BC |
David's Psalm Before Ahimelech (1Sa 21) |
Psalm 34 |
| 1011 BC |
David's Psalm at Gath (1Sa 21) |
Psalm 56 |
| 1011 BC |
Saul Slays the Priests of Nob |
1 Samuel 22 |
| 1011 BC |
David's Psalms in the Cave (1Sa 22) |
Psalms 57, 142 |
| 1011 BC |
David Flees Saul |
1 Samuel 23 |
| 1011 BC |
David's Psalm at Keilah (1Sa 23) |
Psalm 54 |
| 1011 BC |
David Spares Saul's Life |
1 Samuel 24 |
| 1011 BC |
Samuel Dies |
1 Samuel 25 |
| 1011 BC |
David Spares Saul a Second Time |
1 Samuel 26 |
| 1010 BC |
David Flees to the Philistines |
1 Samuel 27 |
| 1010 BC |
Saul and the Witch of Endor |
1 Samuel 28 |
| 1010 BC |
Achish Sends David Away |
1 Samuel 29 |
| 1010 BC |
David Destroys the Amalekites |
1 Samuel 30 |
| 1010 BC |
Saul and His Sons Killed |
1 Samuel 31 |
| 1010 BC |
David Mourns for Saul and Jonathan |
2 Samuel 1 |
| 1010 BC |
David Made King over Judah |
2 Samuel 2 |
| 1008 BC |
Civil War Between Abner and Joab |
2 Samuel 2:12 |
| 1006 BC |
House of David Strengthened |
2 Samuel 3 |
| 1005 BC |
Joab murders Abner |
2 Samuel 3:22 |
| 1004 BC |
The Murder of Ish-bosheth |
2 Samuel 4 |
| 1003 BC |
Genealogies of the Israelites |
1 Chronicles 1 - 9 |
| 1003 BC |
Saul's Overthrow and Defeat |
1 Chronicles 10 |
| 1003 BC |
David Reigns over All Israel |
2 Samuel 5,
1 Chronicles 11 |
| 1002 BC |
David's Army Grows |
1 Chronicles 12 |
| 1000 BC |
David fetches the ark |
1 Chronicles 13 |
| 1000 BC |
David's Family Grows |
1 Chronicles 14 |
| 1000 BC |
The Ark is Brought to Jerusalem |
2 Samuel 6,
1 Chronicles 15 |
| 1000 BC |
David Plans a Temple |
2 Samuel 7 |
| 998 BC |
David Defeats the Philistines |
2 Samuel 8 |
| 998 BC |
David's Psalm of Victory (2Sa 8) |
Psalm 60 |
| 998 BC |
David's Psalm of Zion |
Psalm 15 |
| 998 BC |
David's Psalm of Glory to God |
Psalm 24 |
| 998 BC |
David's festival sacrifice |
1 Chronicles 16 |
| 998 BC |
Psalms of Praise (1Ch 16) |
Psalms 96, 105, 106 |
| 997 BC |
David Purposes to build a Temple |
1 Chronicles 17 |
| 996 BC |
David Strengthens His Kingdom |
1 Chronicles 18 |
| 995 BC |
David and Mephibosheth |
2 Samuel 9 |
| 995 BC |
David Defeats Ammon and Aram |
2 Samuel 10,
1 Chronicles 19 |
| 995 BC |
The Capture of Rabbah |
1 Chronicles 20 |
| 993 BC |
David and Bathsheba |
2 Samuel 11 |
| 991 BC |
Nathan Rebukes David |
2 Samuel 12 |
| 991 BC |
David's Psalm of Repentance (2Sa 12) |
Psalm 51 |
| 990 BC |
Solomon is Born |
2 Samuel 12:24 |
| 990 BC |
Amnon and Tamar |
2 Samuel 13 |
| 990 BC |
Amnom Killed by Absalom |
2 Samuel 13:23 |
| 988 BC |
The Widow of Tekoa |
2 Samuel 14 |
| 980 BC |
Absalom Recalled |
2 Samuel 14:21 |
| 979 BC |
Psalms of David |
Psalms 2 - 145 (Assorted) |
| 979 BC |
Psalms of Korah |
Psalms 42 - 44, 84, 85, 87, 88 |
| 979 BC |
Psalms of Asaph |
Psalm 50, 73, 75 - 78, 80 - 83, 89 |
| 979 BC |
Psalms of Unknown Authors |
Psalms 1 - 150 (Assorted) |
| 979 BC |
David Forces a Census |
1 Chronicles 21 |
| 979 BC |
Preparation for building the Temple |
1 Chronicles 22 |
| 979 BC |
Preparation of Priesthood |
1 Chronicles 23 |
| 979 BC |
Divisions of Levites |
1 Chronicles 24 |
| 979 BC |
Preparation of sanctuary singers |
1 Chronicles 25 |
| 979 BC |
Preparation of gatekeepers, treasurers |
1 Chronicles 26 |
| 979 BC |
Preparation of government |
1 Chronicles 27 |
| 976 BC |
Absalom's Conspiracy |
2 Samuel 15 |
| 976 BC |
David Flees Jerusalem |
2 Samuel 15:13 |
| 972 BC |
David and Ziba, Shimei |
2 Samuel 16 |
| 972 BC |
Shimei Curses David |
2 Samuel 16:5 |
| 972 BC |
David's Psalm of Thirst for God (2Sa 16) |
Psalm 63 |
| 972 BC |
Hushai's Warning Saves David |
2 Samuel 17 |
| 972 BC |
David Psalms of Deliverance (2Sa 17) |
Psalms 41, 55 |
| 972 BC |
Absalom Slain by Joab |
2 Samuel 18 |
| 972 BC |
Joab Comforts David |
2 Samuel 19 |
| 972 BC |
Sheba Rebels Against David |
2 Samuel 20 |
| 970 BC |
The Gibeonites Avenged |
2 Samuel 21 |
| 970 BC |
David's Song of Deliverance |
2 Samuel 22 |
| 970 BC |
David's Last Song |
2 Samuel 23 |
| 970 BC |
David's Psalm of Steadfastness (2Sa 23) |
Psalm 108 |
| 970 BC |
David Counts the Fighting Men |
2 Samuel 24 |
| 970 BC |
David's last days |
1 Chronicles 28, 29,
1 Kings 1, 2 |
| 970 BC |
David's Psalm of Salvation (1Ki 2) |
Psalm 37 |
| 967 BC |
Psalm for Solomon (2Ch 1) |
Psalm 72 |
| 967 BC |
Solomon Asks for Wisdom |
2 Chronicles 1,
1 Kings 3 |
| 967 BC |
Psalm of Korah (1Ki 3) |
Psalm 45 |
| 967 BC |
Solomon's Wisdom |
1 Kings 4 |
| 967 BC |
Solomon's Preparations for the Temple |
1 Kings 5 |
| 966 BC |
The Building of Solomon's Temple |
1 Kings 6 |
| 966 BC |
The Building of Solomon's Palace |
1 Kings 7 |
| 966 BC |
The Ark Brought to the Temple |
1 Kings 8 |
| 966 BC |
God's covenant with Solomon |
1 Kings 9 |
| 966 BC |
Solomon Prepares for a Temple and Palace |
2 Chronicles 2 |
| 966 BC |
Solomon Builds the Temple in Jerusalem |
2 Chronicles 3 |
| 966 BC |
Temple Furnishings |
2 Chronicles 4 |
| 959 BC |
Ark Brought into the Temple |
2 Chronicles 5 |
| 959 BC |
Solomon's Prayer of Temple Dedication |
2 Chronicles 6 |
| 959 BC |
God's Glory in the Temple |
2 Chronicles 7 |
| 959 BC |
Psalms of Solomon (2Ch 7) |
Psalms 135, 136 |
| 959 BC |
Solomon's buildings |
2 Chronicles 8 |
| 950 BC |
Solomon Psalm of Blessing |
Psalm 127 |
| 950 BC |
The Proverbs of Solomon |
Proverbs 1 - 29 |
| 950 BC |
The Words of Agur |
Proverbs 30 |
| 950 BC |
King Lemuel's Proverb |
Proverbs 31 |
| 950 BC |
Ecclesiastes Words of the Preacher |
Ecclesiastes 1 - 12 |
| 950 BC |
Solomon's Song of Songs |
Songs 1 - 8 |
| 946 BC |
Mutual Presents of Solomon and Hiran |
1 Kings 9:10 |
| 946 BC |
The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon |
1 Kings 10,
2 Chronicles 9 |
| 939 BC |
Solomon's Wives and Idolatry |
1 Kings 11 |
| 931 BC |
Solomon's Death |
1 Kings 11:40 |
| 931 BC |
The Kingdom is Divided |
1 Kings 12, 13 |
| 930 BC |
Israelites Rebel against Rehoboam |
2 Chronicles 10 |
| 930 BC |
Rehoboam's Reign over Judah |
2 Chronicles 11 |
| 927 BC |
Rehoboam's sin |
2 Chronicles 12 |
| 925 BC |
Ahijah's Prophecies against Jeroboam |
1 Kings 14 |
| 913 BC |
Rehoboam's Wicked Reign |
1 Kings 14:21 |
| 913 BC |
Abijam's wicked reign |
1 Kings 15 |
| 913 BC |
Civil War against Jeroboam |
2 Chronicles 13 |
| 913 BC |
Asa Destroys Idolatry |
2 Chronicles 14 |
| 909 BC |
Jehu's prophecy against Baasha |
1 Kings 16 |
| 895 BC |
Asa's Reforms |
2 Chronicles 15 |
| 894 BC |
Hanani's rebuke |
2 Chronicles 16 |
| 886 BC |
Elah, Zimri, Omri |
1 Kings 16:5 |
| 874 BC |
Ahab's wicked reign |
1 Kings 16:27 |
| 869 BC |
Jehoshaphat Succeeds Asa |
2 Chronicles 17 |
| 863 BC |
Elijah Prays for Drought |
1 Kings 17 |
| 863 BC |
Elijah Fed by Ravens |
1 Kings 17:3 |
| 863 BC |
The Widow at Zarephath |
1 Kings 17:7 |
| 863 BC |
Elijah on Mount Carmel |
1 Kings 18 |
| 858 BC |
Elijah Flees Jezebel |
1 Kings 19 |
| 858 BC |
Elisha Called |
1 Kings 19:19 |
| 857 BC |
Ben-Hadad Attacks Samaria |
1 Kings 20 |
| 857 BC |
Ahab Defeats Ben-Hadad |
1 Kings 20:14 |
| 855 BC |
Ahab Takes Naboth's Vineyard |
1 Kings 21 |
| 853 BC |
Israel and Judah against Syria |
1 Kings 22 |
| 853 BC |
The Vision of Obadiah |
Obadiah 1 |
| 853 BC |
Jehoshaphat Allies with Ahab |
2 Chronicles 18 |
| 853 BC |
Jehosaphat's deeds |
2 Chronicles 19 |
| 853 BC |
War with Ammon and Moab |
2 Chronicles 20 |
| 852 BC |
Jehoram's Wicked Reign in Judah |
2 Chronicles 21 |
| 852 BC |
Moab Rebels |
2 Kings 1 |
| 851 BC |
Elijah Taken up to Heaven |
2 Kings 2 |
| 851 BC |
Elisha Succeeds Elijah |
2 Kings 2:12 |
| 850 BC |
Jehoram Meets Moab Rebellion |
2 Kings 3 |
| 849 BC |
The Widow's Oil |
2 Kings 4 |
| 849 BC |
Elisha Raises The Shunammite boy |
2 Kings 4:8 |
| 849 BC |
The Healing of Naaman |
2 Kings 5 |
| 848 BC |
Elisha Floats an Axhead |
2 Kings 6 |
| 848 BC |
Elisha Promises Plenty in Samaria |
2 Kings 7 |
| 847 BC |
The Shunammite's Land |
2 Kings 8 |
| 841 BC |
Jehu Reigns in Israel |
2 Kings 9 |
| 841 BC |
Jehu Kills Joram |
2 Kings 9:11 |
| 841 BC |
Ahab's Family Killed |
2 Kings 10 |
| 841 BC |
Baal Worshipers killed |
2 Kings 10:18 |
| 841 BC |
Joash escapes Athaliah |
2 Kings 11 |
| 841 BC |
Ahaziah Succeeds Jehoram in Judah |
2 Chronicles 22 |
| 841 BC |
Jehoiada Makes Joash King |
2 Chronicles 23 |
| 835 BC |
Joash Reigns Well |
2 Chronicles 24,
2 Kings 12 |
| 835 BC |
The Word of the LORD to Joel |
Joel 1 - 3 |
| 812 BC |
Joash Orders Temple repairs |
2 Kings 12:6 |
| 812 BC |
Jehoahaz's wicked reign |
2 Kings 13 |
| 796 BC |
Amaziah's good reign |
2 Kings 14,
2 Chronicles 25 |
| 790 BC |
Azariah's good reign |
2 Kings 15 |
| 790 BC |
Uzziah Reigns in Judah |
2 Chronicles 26 |
| 766 BC |
The Words of Amos |
Amos 1 - 9 |
| 760 BC |
Jonah Sent to Nineveh |
Jonah 1 - 4 |
| 753 BC |
Hosea's Prophecies |
Hosea 1 - 14 |
| 750 BC |
Jotham Succeeds Uzziah |
2 Chronicles 27 |
| 742 BC |
Wicked Reign of Ahaz |
2 Chronicles 28,
2 Kings 16 |
| 739 BC |
Isaiah Complains of Zion's Corruption |
Isaiah 1 - 5 |
| 739 BC |
Isaiah's Vision and Commission |
Isaiah 6 |
| 735 BC |
Isaiah's Prophesy of Immanuel |
Isaiah 7 |
| 735 BC |
The Word of the LORD to Micah |
Micah 1 - 7 |
| 734 BC |
Uriah and Zechariah |
Isaiah 8 |
| 730 BC |
Isaiah Prophesies a Child Is Born |
Isaiah 9 |
| 730 BC |
Isaiah Prophesies Judgments Upon Israel |
Isaiah 9:8 |
| 730 BC |
Isaiah Prophesies Judgment on Assyria |
Isaiah 10 |
| 730 BC |
Isaiah Prophesies The Root of Jesse |
Isaiah 11 |
| 730 BC |
Isaiah's Joyful Thanksgiving |
Isaiah 12 |
| 725 BC |
Isaiah Prophesies against the Nations |
Isaiah 13 - 22 |
| 725 BC |
Isaiah's Valley of Vision |
Isaiah 22 |
| 725 BC |
Isaiah's Burden of Tyre |
Isaiah 23 |
| 725 BC |
Devastation on the Earth |
Isaiah 24 |
| 725 BC |
Isaiah's Songs of Praise |
Isaiah 25 - 27 |
| 725 BC |
Isaiah's Further Warnings |
Isaiah 28 - 32 |
| 725 BC |
Isaiah Prophesies a King Shall Reign |
Isaiah 32 |
| 725 BC |
Isaiah Declares God's Judgments |
Isaiah 33, 34 |
| 725 BC |
Isaiah Declares the Joyful Will Flourish in Zion |
Isaiah 35 |
| 725 BC |
Hoshea the Last King of Israel |
2 Kings 17 |
| 722 BC |
Israel Led into Captivity |
2 Kings 17:6 |
| 721 BC |
Strange Nations Transplanted into Samaria |
2 Kings 17:24 |
| 716 BC |
Hezekiah's Good Reign |
2 Chronicles 29 |
| 715 BC |
Hezekiah proclaims a solemn Passover |
2 Chronicles 30 |
| 715 BC |
Idolatry is Destroyed |
2 Chronicles 31 |
| 712 BC |
Hezekiah's Illness and Healing |
2 Kings 20,
Isaiah 38 |
| 711 BC |
Hezekiah Shows Treasures |
2 Kings 20:12,
Isaiah 39 |
| 711 BC |
Isaiah Prophesies Captivity and Restoration |
Isaiah 40 - 66 |
| 701 BC |
Sennacherib Threatens Jerusalem |
2 Kings 18,
Isaiah 36,
2 Chronicles 32 |
| 701 BC |
Korah's Psalms of Refuge (2Ch 32) |
Psalms 46 - 48 |
| 701 BC |
Hezekiah's Prayer |
2 Kings 19,
Isaiah 37 |
| 697 BC |
The Vision of Nahum |
Nahum 1 - 3 |
| 687 BC |
Manasseh's Wicked Reign |
2 Kings 21,
2 Chronicles 33 |
| 640 BC |
Josiah's good reign |
2 Kings 22,
2 Chronicles 34 |
| 638 BC |
The Word of the LORD to Zephaniah |
Zephaniah 1 - 3 |
| 627 BC |
The Call of Jeremiah |
Jeremiah 1 |
| 627 BC |
Jeremiah Declares Judah Forsakes God |
Jeremiah 2 - 6 |
| 627 BC |
Jeremiah's Message at the Temple Gate |
Jeremiah 7 - 10 |
| 625 BC |
The Oracle to Habakkuk |
Habakkuk 1 - 3 |
| 622 BC |
Jeremiah Proclaims God's Covenant |
Jeremiah 11, 12 |
| 621 BC |
Josiah Prepares for Temple Repair |
2 Kings 22:3 |
| 621 BC |
Hilkiah finds the lost Book of the Law |
2 Kings 22:8 |
| 621 BC |
Josiah Celebrates the Passover |
2 Kings 23,
2 Chronicles 35 |
| 609 BC |
Jehoiakim's wicked reign. |
2 Chronicles 36 |
| 609 BC |
Jeremiah Proclaims Covenant Is Broken |
Jeremiah 13 - 20 |
| 609 BC |
Jeremiah Prophesies against Egypt |
Jeremiah 46 |
| 609 BC |
Jeremiah Prophesies against Philistia |
Jeremiah 47 |
| 605 BC |
Daniel Refuses the King's Portion |
Daniel 1 |
| 604 BC |
Daniel Interprets Nebuchadnezzar Dream |
Daniel 2 |
| 601 BC |
Rebellion of Jehoiakim |
2 Kings 24 |
| 597 BC |
Jehoiachim exiled |
2 Kings 24:10 |
| 597 BC |
Zedekiah reigns in Judah |
2 Kings 24:18 |
| 594 BC |
Jeremiah Prophesies against Moab |
Jeremiah 48 |
| 594 BC |
Jeremiah Prophesies against Ammon |
Jeremiah 49 |
| 593 BC |
Ezekiel's Prophecy at Chebar |
Ezekiel 1 |
| 593 BC |
Ezekiel's Calling and Instruction |
Ezekiel 2 |
| 593 BC |
Ezekiel Eats the Scroll |
Ezekiel 3 |
| 593 BC |
Ezekiel Foretells Siege of Jerusalem |
Ezekiel 4, 5 |
| 593 BC |
Ezekiel's Vision of the End |
Ezekiel 6, 7 |
| 592 BC |
Ezekiel's First Temple Vision |
Ezekiel 8 - 19 |
| 591 BC |
Ezekiel Sees God Refuse the Elders |
Ezekiel 20 |
| 591 BC |
Ezekiel Prophesies against Jerusalem |
Ezekiel 21, 22 |
| 591 BC |
Ezekiel Prophesies against two Sisters |
Ezekiel 23 |
| 588 BC |
Siege of Jerusalem Begins |
2 Kings 25 |
| 588 BC |
Jeremiah's Conflicts |
Jeremiah 21 - 33 |
| 588 BC |
Jeremiah Prophesies Judgment on Judah |
Jeremiah 34 - 45 |
| 588 BC |
Siege of Jerusalem Begins |
Ezekiel 24 |
| 587 BC |
God's Vengeance on Ammon and Edom |
Ezekiel 25 |
| 586 BC |
The Fall of Jerusalem |
2 Kings 25,
Jeremiah 52 |
| 586 BC |
Psalms of Desolation (Jer. 52) |
Psalms 74, 79 |
| 586 BC |
Jeremiah Prophesies against Babylon |
Jeremiah 50, 51 |
| 586 BC |
Jeremiah's Lamentations |
Lamentations 1 - 5 |
| 586 BC |
Ezekiel Pronounces Judgment on Tyre |
Ezekiel 26 - 28 |
| 586 BC |
Ezekiel Prophesies against Egypt |
Ezekiel 29 - 32 |
| 586 BC |
Ezekiel the Watchman |
Ezekiel 33 |
| 585 BC |
Ezekiel Explains Jerusalem's Fall |
Ezekiel 33:21 |
| 585 BC |
Ezekiel Foresees Reproof and Restoration |
Ezekiel 34 - 36 |
| 585 BC |
Ezekiel Sees Resurrection of Dry Bones |
Ezekiel 37 |
| 585 BC |
Ezekiel Sees Future battle |
Ezekiel 38 |
| 585 BC |
Ezekiel Sees God's judgment upon Gog |
Ezekiel 39 |
| 585 BC |
Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego |
Daniel 3 |
| 582 BC |
Nebuchadnezzar’s Dream |
Daniel 4 |
| 582 BC |
Daniel Interprets Nebuchadnezzar’s Dream |
Daniel 4:19 |
| 573 BC |
Ezekiel's Second Temple Vision |
Ezekiel 40 - 48 |
| 539 BC |
Daniel Interprets Handwriting on the Wall |
Daniel 5 |
| 539 BC |
Daniel Survives the Lions' Den |
Daniel 6 |
| 539 BC |
Daniel's Vision of Four Beasts |
Daniel 7 |
| 539 BC |
Daniel's Vision of the Ram and Goat |
Daniel 8 |
| 539 BC |
Daniel's Prayer and Gabriel's Answer |
Daniel 9 |
| 539 BC |
Daniel Comforted by the Angel |
Daniel 10 |
| 539 BC |
Daniel Prophesies Overthrow of Persia |
Daniel 11 |
| 539 BC |
Daniel Prophesies Deliverance for Israel |
Daniel 12 |
| 537 BC |
The Proclamation of Cyrus |
Ezra 1 |
| 537 BC |
The Exiles Return |
Ezra 2 |
| 535 BC |
Temple Work Begins |
Ezra 3 |
| 534 BC |
Adversaries Hinder Temple Work |
Ezra 4 |
| 534 BC |
Artaxerxes Orders Work Stopped |
Ezra 4:17 |
| 520 BC |
Tattenai's Letter to Darius |
Ezra 5 |
| 520 BC |
The Word of the LORD by Haggai |
Haggai 1, 2 |
| 520 BC |
The Word of the LORD to Zechariah |
Zechariah 1 - 14 |
| 520 BC |
Temple Work Resumed by Darius' Decree |
Ezra 6 |
| 515 BC |
Completion and Dedication of the Temple |
Ezra 6:16 |
| 483 BC |
Queen Vashti Deposed |
Esther 1 |
| 478 BC |
Esther Becomes Queen |
Esther 2 |
| 478 BC |
Mordecai Thwarts a Conspiracy |
Esther 2:21 |
| 474 BC |
Haman Seeks Revenge on the Jews |
Esther 3 |
| 473 BC |
Mordecai Informs Esther of Haman's Plot |
Esther 4 |
| 473 BC |
Esther Prepares a Banquet |
Esther 5 |
| 473 BC |
The King Honors Mordecai |
Esther 6 |
| 473 BC |
Haman Is Hanged |
Esther 7 |
| 473 BC |
Xerxes' Edict on Behalf of Esther and Jews |
Esther 8 |
| 472 BC |
Purim Instituted |
Esther 9 |
| 472 BC |
Xerxes' Tribute to Mordecai |
Esther 10 |
| 458 BC |
Ezra Journeys to Jerusalem |
Ezra 7 |
| 458 BC |
Ezra Commissioned by Artaxerxes |
Ezra 7:11 |
| 457 BC |
Families Return to Jerusalem with Ezra |
Ezra 8 |
| 457 BC |
Ezra's reforms |
Ezra 9 |
| 456 BC |
Ezra's Prayer About Intermarriage |
Ezra 10 |
| 445 BC |
Nehemiah's Prayer for the Exiles |
Nehemiah 1 |
| 444 BC |
Artaxerxes Sends Nehemiah to Jerusalem |
Nehemiah 2 |
| 444 BC |
Builders of the Walls Named |
Nehemiah 3 |
| 444 BC |
Builders Overcome Ridicule |
Nehemiah 4 |
| 444 BC |
Nehemiah Abolishes Debt and Bondage |
Nehemiah 5 |
| 444 BC |
Sanballat's Plot |
Nehemiah 6 |
| 444 BC |
Completion of the Wall |
Nehemiah 6:15 |
| 444 BC |
Census of Returned Exiles |
Nehemiah 7 |
| 444 BC |
Ezra Reads the Law |
Nehemiah 8 |
| 444 BC |
Israelites Fast and Repent |
Nehemiah 9 |
| 444 BC |
Israelites Seal the Covenant |
Nehemiah 10 |
| 444 BC |
People Settle in Jerusalem |
Nehemiah 11, 12 |
| 432 BC |
Nehemiah Restores Laws |
Nehemiah 13 |
| 430 BC |
The Word of the LORD by Malachi |
Malachi 1 - 4 |
| 6 BC |
Birth of John the Baptist |
Luke 1,
John 1:6 |
| 6 BC |
Augustus Taxes the Roman Empire |
Luke 2 |
| 5 BC |
Birth of Jesus |
Matthew 1,
Mark 1,
Luke 2:6,
John 1:14 |
| 5 BC |
Visit of the Magi |
Matthew 2 |
| 5 BC |
Escape to Egypt |
Matthew 2:13 |
| 4 BC |
Slaughter of Infants |
Matthew 2:16 |
| 4 BC |
Return to Nazareth |
Matthew 2:23 |
| 8 AD |
The Boy Jesus at the Temple |
Luke 2:41 |
| 26 AD |
John the Baptist Prepares the Way |
Matthew 3,
Mark 1:4,
Luke 3,
John 1:15 |
| 26 AD |
The Baptism of Jesus |
Matthew 3:13,
Mark 1:9,
Luke 3:21 |
| 27 AD |
Temptation of Jesus |
Matthew 4,
Mark 1:12,
Luke 4 |
| 27 AD |
Jesus Calls his First Disciples |
Matthew 4:18,
Mark 1:16,
Luke 5 |
| 27 AD |
Wedding at Cana |
John 2 |
| 27 AD |
Jesus Teaches Nicodemus |
John 3 |
| 27 AD |
Jesus Testifies to the Samaritan Woman |
John 4 |
| 27 AD |
Sermon on the Mount |
Matthew 5 - 7 |
| 28 AD |
Instructions on Prayer |
Luke 11 |
| 28 AD |
Jesus Ministers in Galilee |
Matthew 8,
Mark 2,
Luke 4:14 |
| 28 AD |
The Pool of Bethesda |
John 5 |
| 28 AD |
Jesus Lord of the Sabbath |
Matthew 12,
Mark 3,
Luke 6 |
| 28 AD |
Jesus Answers John's Disciples |
Matthew 11,
Luke 7 |
| 28 AD |
Jesus Speaks Many Parables |
Matthew 13,
Mark 4,
Luke 8 |
| 28 AD |
Jesus Heals a Demoniac |
Matthew 8:28,
Mark 5,
Luke 8:26 |
| 28 AD |
Jesus Heals a Paralytic |
Matthew 9 |
| 29 AD |
Jesus Sends out His Twelve Apostles |
Matthew 10,
Mark 6 |
| 29 AD |
John the Baptist Beheaded |
Matthew 14,
Mark 6:14 |
| 29 AD |
Jesus Feeds the 5,000 |
Matthew 14:15,
Mark 6:30,
Luke 9,
John 6 |
| 29 AD |
Teachings on Clean and Unclean |
Matthew 15,
Mark 7 |
| 29 AD |
Peter's Confession of Christ |
Matthew 16,
Mark 8,
Luke 9:18 |
| 29 AD |
The Transfiguration |
Matthew 17,
Mark 9,
Luke 9:28 |
| 29 AD |
Greatest and Least in the Kingdom |
Matthew 18 |
| 29 AD |
Jesus Sends out the Seventy-two |
Luke 10 |
| 29 AD |
Jesus Teaches at the Feast of Tabernacles |
John 7 |
| 29 AD |
The Woman Caught in Adultery |
John 8 |
| 29 AD |
Jesus Affirms He is the Son of God |
John 9 |
| 29 AD |
The Shepherd and His Flock |
John 10 |
| 30 AD |
Jesus Speaks More Parables |
Luke 12 - 16 |
| 30 AD |
Jesus Cleanses the Ten Lepers |
Luke 17 |
| 30 AD |
Jesus Raises Lazarus |
John 11 |
| 30 AD |
Final Journey to Jerusalem |
Matthew 19, 20,
Mark 10,
Luke 18 |
| 30 AD |
The Triumphal Entry |
Matthew 21,
Mark 11,
Luke 19,
John 12 |
| 30 AD |
Closing Ministry in Jerusalem |
Matthew 22 - 25,
Mark 12, 13,
Luke 20, 21 |
| 30 AD |
Thursday Before Passover |
Matthew 26,
Mark 14,
Luke 22,
John 13 |
| 30 AD |
Jesus Comforts His Disciples |
John 14 |
| 30 AD |
Jesus the True Vine |
John 15 |
| 30 AD |
Jesus Promises the Holy Spirit |
John 16 |
| 30 AD |
Jesus' Intercessory prayers |
John 17 |
| 30 AD |
Jesus' Betrayal, Trial, Crucifixion |
Matthew 27,
Mark 15,
Luke 23,
John 18, 19 |
| 30 AD |
Jesus' Resurrection |
Matthew 28,
Mark 16,
Luke 24,
John 20, 21 |
| 30 AD |
The Ascension |
Acts 1 |
| 30 AD |
Matthias Chosen by Lot |
Acts 1:12 |
| 30 AD |
The Holy Spirit Comes at Pentecost |
Acts 2 |
| 30 AD |
Peter Heals and Preaches |
Acts 3 |
| 30 AD |
Peter and John Arrested and Released; |
Acts 4 |
| 30 AD |
Believers Share All |
Acts 4:32 |
| 30 AD |
Deaths of Ananias and Sapphira |
Acts 5 |
| 30 AD |
Apostles Preach and Heal |
Acts 5:11 |
| 31 AD |
Stephen's Speech, Stoning and Death |
Acts 6, 7 |
| 31 AD |
Saul Persecutes the Church |
Acts 8 |
| 31 AD |
Philip in Samaria |
Acts 8:3 |
| 31 AD |
Simon the Sorcerer |
Acts 8:9 |
| 31 AD |
Philip and the Ethiopian |
Acts 8:26 |
| 34 AD |
Saul's Conversion |
Acts 9 |
| 37 AD |
Peter Preaches to the Gentiles |
Acts 10, 11 |
| 42 AD |
Barnabas Sent to Antioch |
Acts 11:22 |
| 42 AD |
Peter Led from Prison by the Angel |
Acts 12 |
| 44 AD |
Herod Agrippa Dies |
Acts 12:20 |
| 45 AD |
James Writes his Letter |
James 1 - 5 |
| 48 AD |
Paul's First Missionary Journey |
Acts 13 |
| 48 AD |
Paul preaches in Pisidian Antioch |
Acts 13:14 |
| 48 AD |
Paul and Barnabas in Iconium |
Acts 14 |
| 48 AD |
Paul and Barnabas in Lystra and Derbe |
Acts 14:8 |
| 48 AD |
Paul and Barnabas Return to Syrian Antioch |
Acts 14:21 |
| 48 AD |
Return to Syrian Antioch |
Acts 14:24 |
| 48 AD |
The Council at Jerusalem |
Acts 15 |
| 49 AD |
Paul's Second Missionary Journey |
Acts 15:36 |
| 49 AD |
Paul in Philippi |
Acts 16 |
| 49 AD |
Paul in Thessalonica, Berea, Athens |
Acts 17 |
| 51 AD |
Paul in Corinth |
Acts 18 |
| 51 AD |
Paul Writes to the Thessalonians |
1 Thess. 1 - 5 |
| 52 AD |
Paul Writes again to the Thessalonians |
2 Thess. 1 - 3 |
| 54 AD |
Paul in Ephesus |
Acts 19 |
| 54 AD |
Paul Writes to the Corinthians |
1 Corinthians 1 - 16 |
| 54 AD |
Paul Writes to the Galatians |
Galatians 1 - 6 |
| 57 AD |
Paul in Macedonia and Greece |
Acts 20 |
| 57 AD |
Paul Writes to the Romans |
Romans 1 - 16 |
| 57 AD |
Paul Writes again to the Corinthians |
2 Corinthians 1 - 13 |
| 59 AD |
Paul Returns to Jerusalem |
Acts 21 - 23 |
| 60 AD |
Paul imprisoned in Caesarea |
Acts 24 |
| 62 AD |
Paul Before Festus |
Acts 25 |
| 62 AD |
Paul Before Agrippa |
Acts 26 |
| 62 AD |
Paul Sails for Rome |
Acts 27 |
| 62 AD |
The Shipwreck |
Acts 27:13 |
| 62 AD |
Paul Ashore at Malta |
Acts 28 |
| 62 AD |
Paul Preaches at Rome |
Acts 28:11 |
| 62 AD |
Paul Writes to the Ephesians |
Ephesians 1 - 6 |
| 62 AD |
Paul Writes to the Philippians |
Philippians 1 - 4 |
| 62 AD |
Paul Writes to the Colossians |
Colossians 1 - 4 |
| 62 AD |
Paul Writes to Philemon |
Philemon 1 |
| 63 AD |
Paul Writes to Timothy |
1 Timothy 1 - 6 |
| 64 AD |
Peter Writes his First Letter |
1 Peter 1 - 5 |
| 66 AD |
Paul Writes to Titus |
Titus 1 - 3 |
| 67 AD |
Paul Writes Again to Timothy |
2 Timothy 1 - 4 |
| 67 AD |
Peter Writes his Second Letter |
2 Peter 1 - 3 |
| 68 AD |
Letter to the Hebrews |
Hebrews 1 - 13 |
| 68 AD |
Jude Writes his Letter |
Jude 1 |
| 90 AD |
John Writes his First Letter |
1 John 1 - 5 |
| 92 AD |
John Writes his Second Letter |
2 John 1 |
| 94 AD |
John Writes his Third Letter |
3 John 1 |
| 95 AD |
John's Revelation on Patmos |
Revelation 1 - 22 |
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