Manjadi P.O., Thriuvalla,

Pathanamthitta Dt., Kerala-689 105.

Ph: 0473-601384, 631851.

E-mail: evangeli@md4.vsnl.net.in

In the sixth century the Syrian Church came under the influence of the Nestorians.  Then in the 16th Century, the Portuguese, under Vasco de Gama, came to Kerala.  Soon after the arrival of the Portuguese in India in the sixteenth century, this small church was brought under the hegemony of the Roman Catholic Church.  They forcefully converted the Church members to Catholicism.  This led to the historical Koonan Kurishu Satyam, by which many members of the Church declared themselves out of the yokes of Catholics.  Thus after fifty-four years (in 1653 A.D.) it was able to reassert its indepenence, though it lost a good number of its members to the Catholic fold.

The re-established Church consecrated Mar Thoma I as the Metropolitan by the laying on of hands of twelve presbyters of the Church.  The Roman Catholic association, though brief, had left its indelible mark on the emancipated Church.  However, this led to more dependence on the Syrian Patriarch of Antioch and his extremely Orthodox doctrines engulfed the Church.  The Church came into close contact with the Jacobite Syrian Church of Antioch.  As a a result of this, some of the doctrines and practices of the Antiochean Church such as the doctrine of Consubstantiation, Invocation of Saints, Prayer for the dead, Traditions of the fathers and most of their rituals, gained firm ground in the ancient Church of Malabar.

The Work of the Church Missionary Society – The Malayalam Bible – The Reformation

Perhaps, the greatest event in the history of the Malabar Church was the publication of the Malayalam Bible, a glorious achievement of the Church Missionary Society (C.M.S.), an arm of the Anglican Church of England.  [Malayalam is the mother tongue in Kerala and is one of the major Indian languages.]  The free and easy access to the Word of God and the influences of the C.M.S. Missionaries had already begun to produce results.  Their mission work led to a revival and reform in the Church.  Mainly due to the labor of the Rev. Abraham Malpan (Malpan = A Syriac Professor) and a few others, a movement was set afoot with a view to purify the Syrian Church, in light of the teachings of the Bible.  He emphasized the place of "the open Bible", the message of sinners’ direct approach to God through Jesus Christ, and the importance of the worth and freedom of the individual.  In a memorandum submitted by Abraham Malpan and his associates to Col. Munro, the then Bristish Resident in Travancore-Cochin, requesting his help and support, they stated what reforms were necessary in the Church.  This was naturally resisted by the authorities of the Church which had by this time become steeped in ritualism, lifeless sacerdotalism, and even superstitutions.  In fact, the only course open to the Reformists by then was to secede from the parent church.

The movement to separate was spearheaded by Abraham Malpan Achen (Achen means Priest) and Palakunnathu Mathews Athanasius (Bishop), who was excommunicated by that time thanks to the tricky dealings of Pulikottil Metran (Metran means Bishop) who wanted to declare himself as the Malankara Metran (means Presiding or Chief Bisop) with the support of some others in the Church.  This led to the formation of the Mar Thoma Syrian Church of Malabar which had by then lost all court cases (against these tricky dealings in the parent church) and started with just five and a half Edavakas (parishes).  The Rev. Abraham Malpan accordingly made certain changes in the liturgy of the Holy Communion and other offices of the Church as some of the prayers of the liturgy were against the Scriptures.  Today the Marthoma Church is a towering institution among Kerala Churches.

The Basis of the Reformation
The changes made by Abraham Malpan Achen (Achen means Priest) in the liturgy for the Holy Communion and accepted by the General Synod of the Mar Thoma Church show the fundamental tenets of the Reformed Church enumerated below:

1. Expurgated all invocations to the saints.
2. Expurgated all prayers for the dead.
3. The following prayers of the minister while taking the consecrated bread in his hand, "Thee who holdest the extremities of the universe, I hold in my hand, Thee, who rulest the depths, I grasp with my hand", and after putting the bread into his mouth, "Thee, who are God, I put into my mouth", were expurgated.
4. Instead of the prayer: "We offer into Thee, O Lord, this bloodless sacrifice (referring to the Eucharist) on behalf of Thy Holy Church which is in all the world", the following prayer was inserted:  "We offer into Thee, O Lord, this prayer on behalf of Thy Holy Church which is in all the world", leaving out the words "bloodless sacrifice" and inserting instead "this prayer".
5. The declaration that “Living Sacrifice is offered” (the reference is again to the Eucharist), was changed into: "living sacrifice, which is the sacrifice of grace, peace, and praise".
6. Expurgated the declaration: "this Eucharist is sacrifice and praise".
7. The declaration that “the Holy Spirit is the sanctifier of the censor” was removed.
8. The note that the censor should be sanctified was taken away.
9. The prayer: “Let Him (Holy Spirit) make this bread the life-giving and saving body of Jesus Christ”, was replaced by: “Let Him (Holy Spirit) come upon and make this bread to those who partake of it, the body of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins and life everlasting”. (This clearly teaches the Receptionist Theory.)
10. The prayer: "Thou are the hard rock which was set against the tomb of our Redeemer" (referring to the Eucharist bread), was replaced by: “Thou art that tested and precious hard rock rejected by the builders” (converted it into a reference to Christ).

The following changes were made to the practices of the Church:

• It was decided that the Eucharist should be administered in both kinds.
• The practice of auricular confession and obtaining absolution from the priests was abolished.
• The practice of celebrating the Eucharist when there was nobody to partake of it was abolished.

The Mar Thoma Church

The new Church grew up as an independent, indigenous, episcopal and evangelical Church.  Its sole basis for all matters of faith was the open Bible. The Church grew in strength extending its sphere of influence to distant places in India and abroad.  The frequent spiritual revivals in the Church also played a very significant part in the development of the Mar Thoma Church.

The Anti-Reformists in the Church

While the Church was making rapid progress in all spheres of its life, there was an Anti-Reformists group silently working its way up from the early decades of this century.  A band of young educated men, who were opposed to the Open Bible and the evangelical tradition, slowly started to undo the work of the reformers and return to the orthodox doctrines of the former church.

The endeavours of the Anti-reformists group to shake the evangelical faith and doctrines of the Mar Thoma Church yielded results.  With the consecration of one from the anti-reformist group as Bishop in 1937, it gained considerable momentum.  Bishop Abraham passed away in 1947 and Bishop John was installed as Metropolitan Juhanon Mar Thoma.  After this, the Anti-reformists gained the upper hand in the Church.  Steadily and enthusiastically they went ahead with their programme of bringing the Church back to sacerdotalism.  The reformists, a minority, felt that the essence of evangelism and the teachings of the bible were being set aside because of the newly adopted theological and hierarchal ways.  The new ways included the adoption of new treatises put forth by the hierarchy in addition to the 66 books of the Bible as the foundation of the church.  The Church was abandoning its core fundamental principles and the reason for its splitting away from its parent church almost a century earlier.  Discontent, protests, and disenchantments developed among the followers of Metropolitan and the followers of the reform powers.

Oppression and persecution

Though the Metropolitan preached comprehension and toleration, he was not prepared to tolerate the reform movement.  He was determined to see that faith of the reformed Mar Thoma Church was gradually but definitely wiped out and the Church eventually left with a different faith altogether.  Those who held on to the reformed faith were denied all facilities to meet together or to strengthen their fellowship.  They were denied all opportunities to occupy any position of influence in the Church or in any of its organizations.

The catastrophe that has befallen the Mar Thoma Church was the election and consecration of three persons of the anti-reformist group as the bishops of the Church.  This was a calculated stroke against the faith of the Church since all of them wholeheartedly joined with the Metropolitan in his cause.

Mr. K.N. Daniel’s Endeavors

Mr. K.N. Daniel, one of the lay leaders of the evangelical group in the Mar Thoma Church, an eminent liturgiologist, theologian, an author of many books, a prominent lawyer, and a church historian of renown, published on his own several books and pamphlets about the dangers the Church encounters.  Since all the efforts of the Pathiopadesa Samathy (see the section below) were not fruitful in turning the Church away from the clutches of the anti-reformists, he filed a court case for a declaration that the doctrines sought to be propagated by the Metropolitan and his associates were alien to the Mar Thoma Church.  The Metropolitan used the civil case to get the anti-reformist doctrines imposed even more harshly on the Mar Thoma Church.

Pathiopadesa Samathy’s Activities

Pathiopadesa Samathy was the group formed by the Reformists in the Marthoma Church to adhere to its founding principles.  Up to 1958, Mr. P.S. George, an attorney, was the president of this Samathy.  In 1958, Rev. P. John Varghese took charge as the president of the Pathiopadesa Samathy and Rev. P.I. Mathai, Rev. K.O. John, Rev. C.M. Varghese, Rev. P.C. Zachariah, and very many others also began to participate in the activities of the Pathiopadesa Samathy.  They conducted Bible classes and taught the fundamentals of Christian faith.  They were not allowed to conduct these classes at the Mar Thoma Parishes.  But the members of the Mar Thoma Church who sided with the reformists warmly and whole heartedly welcomed the above clergy and other leaders of the Pathiopadesa Samathy into their homes.  They conducted classes in specially erected ‘pandals’ (means tents) in several places.

Their classes and fellowship meetings gave momentum to the reformists, and the Metropolitan and his anti-reformist group became very worried about the growth of the reformists.  Suddenly, the Metropolitan and anti-reformists decided to ex-communicate four presbyters from the Church - Rev. P. John Varghese, Rev. P.I. Mathai, Rev. K.O. John, and Rev. C.M. Varghese.  The ex-communication order was signed on November 7, 1960.  The reformists were driven out of the churches which they had built with their own labor and money and were forced to hold their worship services in private homes or temporary sheds and tents or even under the shades of trees.

• To resign to one’s fate and remain silent in the Church silently holding to one’s faith.
• To resist constitutionally and when the right to do that is persistently denied, to resort to legal remedies, thereby contributing to tension and bitterness within the Church.
• To avoid all wrangles and come out peacefully leaving all the temporalities of the Mar Thoma Church and to revive the reformation Church in Kerala.

A very costly decision:

Realizing that the Church could not be saved from within, and that the evangelical reformed faith could not be maintained under the existing conditions, the reformists decided to follow the last of the three above mentioned courses.

The decision to separate was a very painful and costly one indeed.  In every parish in the Mar Thoma Church there were members who were in sympathy with the reform movement.  In some places the majority sided with the Reformists.  More than 50% of the Church buildings, Seminaries, Colleges, Schools and other institutions in the Mar Thoma Church were built during the previous 25-year period leading up to 1961, and also mostly by the Reformists.  Leaving the Mar Thoma Church meant giving up everything which they themselves had built with their money and labor; and start building them all over again with no help from any quarter.  Knowing all this and realizing how much it would cost, the decision to separate was taken by the Reformists.  This led to the formation of the St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India.

The Inauguration of St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India.

The Reformists' leaders told the world that they were leaving everything, with no shelter and no roof over their heads and no churches to worship in, but only guided by the faith in the Lord Jesus Christ and His teachings and for reviving the essence of His church through evangelism and missionary work.

The St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India was formally inaugurated on January 26, 1961.  Over thirty thousand people drawn from all the different Christian denominations, from Roman Catholic to the Pentacostal gathered together at Bishop Abraham Nagar at Thiruvalla, in Kerala.  Priests of the Roman Catholic, Jacobite, Church of South India, and the Mar Thoma Churches were present.  Twenty presbyters who had been ordained in the Mar Thoma Church joined the new Church and declared acceptance of the faith in the Church and pledged allegiance to the new Church and its constitution.

The consecration of the Bishops

After the inauguration service, two ministers of the new Church, viz: Rev. K.N. Oommen, Rev. P. John Varghese, were consecrated as Bishops in the ‘Church of God’.

An order of service for the consecration of the Bishops had been prepared.  The Bishops were consecrated by the laying on of hands by the entire body of the presbyters representing the whole Church.  They were guided and supported in this step by the word of God (The Acts 9:11-12; 15-18; 13:1-3; Romans 10:15; I Timothy 4:14; etc.) and by clear precedence in the early Syrian Church of Malabar.

We believe that men are called upon by God to the ministry and set apart in the Church.  We also believe that in ordination, the Lord in answer to the prayers of the Church, assures and bestows on those whom He has called upon to lead His Church for any particular form of ministry, His sufficient grace and strength to carry out the ministry.  We further believe that in all ordination and consecration, the true Ordainor and Consecrator is God, who in response to the prayers of His Church, and through the words and acts of its representatives, commissions and empowers for the office and work to which they are called, the persons it has selected.  In the ancient Church of Alexandria before 328 A.D., presbyters used to consecrate Bishops.

“The twelve presbyters of Alexandria elected one of their number as Bishop whenever there was a vacancy and perhaps jointly consecrated him.  This custom lasted up to time of Athanasius Bishop of Alexandria (A.D.328).”  See 'Lights and Shades of Christendom', by Bishop Pakenham Walsh: Vol: 1 Page 72.

Founding principles

The St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India is an Evangelical and Episcopal Church.  We have decided to stand as true Christian fellowship dedicated to preserve the real Mar Thoma Church and its original faith and doctrines.  We hold the Bible as our sole basis and authority for all matters of faith and doctrines.  We accept the Nicene Creed and the two sacraments as they are in full conformity with the Bible.  Christian charity will be governing principle of our administration.  Our Bishops will not belong to monarchical hierarchy, but will be ministers of Christ, the successors of the humble Apostles who walked the shores of Galilee.  But they will have powers and authority as provided in the constitution of the Church to which they owe allegiance.

Salient Features of this Church

• The St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India is one of the branches of the Malankara Church (Kerala's Malabar Church) founded in A.D. 52 by Apostle St. Thomas.  The Church is Evangelical in faith and Episcopal in administration.
• The Church accepts the Holy Bible which consists of 66 Books of the Old and the New Testaments as the basis for all matters of faith and doctrine.
• The Church accepts the Nicene Creed which is in conformity with the Scriptures.
• We believe in the Triune (Trinity): God the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost.
• We practice the two sacraments instituted by our Lord Jesus Christ viz: The Holy Communion and the Holy Baptism.
• We have three Orders in the Church: Episcopa (Bishop), Presbyter (Kasseesha), Deacon (Semmash).
• The Holy Communion is a thanksgiving service to remember the death of our Lord on the Calvary and the elements used in the Holy Communion are the sign and symbol of the Christ’s Body and Blood.  We deny the Transubstantiation Theory, Consubstantiation Theory, Localization Theory, the Spiritual Presence Theory, etc.
• The Representative Body of the Church is the supreme body which can decide on all the spiritual and temporal matters of the Church.  The Presiding Bishop is the administrative head of the Church who is elected from among the bishops of the Church for a term of five years.

Prominent Leaders of the New Church

The prominent leaders of the new church included Bishop K. N. Oommen, Bishop P. John Varughese, Rev. P. I. Mathai (Plavunkal Achen), Rev. P. C. Zachariah, K. N. Daniel, Esq., Rev. P. S. Varughese, Rev. C. M. Varghese, A. G. Mathew, Esq., Mr. K. Abraham, K. S. Joseph, Esq., Rev. K. O. John, Rev. A. C. Mathew, Rev. P. T. Thomas, Rev. T. C. George, Mr. K. A. Abraham, etc.

Rev. P.I. Mathai was the presiding presbyter at the consecration service of the new Bishops at Thiruvalla, Kerala, India, on January 26, 1961.  Rev. P.C. Zachariah and Rev. P.T. Thomas were the first General Secretaries of the Church.  Rev. T. C. George became the Treasurer of the Church.  Advocate A.G. Mathew and others made remarkable contributions in framing the constitution of the Church.  Mr. P.K. Mathew (Valakom) was in the forefront in the North Travancore region.  There are other eminent evangelists who came out from the Mar Thoma Church viz: Mr. K.T. Philip, Mr. V.C. Zachariah and Mr. P.C. Chacko, and Sevinees like Miss. K.T. Annamma and Miss. P.T. Mariamma.  Mr. K.A. Abraham was the General Secretary of the Pathiopadesa Samathy and the Chief Editor of the Suvisesha Prakasini which was the organ of the Pathiopadesa Samathy.  After the inauguration of the St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India, Suvisesha Prakasini became the official organ (publication) of the New Church.

The attitude of the Mar Thoma Church towards the New Church

Upset that the Reformists left the Marthoma Church, the Mar Thoma Metropolitan issued his Bishop's Circular No.156 dated 14th February, 1961 which was printed in large quantities and sent not only to the parishes and every Marthomite but also to sister Churches and members thereof, instilling such passion and prejudice against the St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India and its members.  In his Circular he prohibited the issuance of letters for "publishing banns for marriage" to the Evangelical Church, the acceptance of such letters from the new Church, the "publication of banns of marriage" of couples if any one of them happens to be a member of the new Church, the marriage of women members of the Mar Thoma Church to members of the Evangelical Church, and the partaking in the services conducted by ministers of the new Church. 

In the same Circular he ridiculed the consecration of the Bishops in the new Church.  In addition, he prohibited the members of the Mar Thoma Church from partaking or co-operating or even attending any worship or sacraments conducted by the new Church and he defined such conduct as an offense involving forfeiture of his or her membership in the Mar Thoma Church and, further, he directed the Vicars in the Church to take disciplinary action against such members and to remove them from membership.  This was followed by similar letters in similar tone, for circulation in foreign countries.

The growth of the new Church

The members of the new Church had left all that they had in the Mar thoma Church and started vigorously to build up the whole new Church.  200 congregations with total membership of over 25,000 were formed.  A small building was constructed immediately for the Bible Seminary.  The Church could sent evangelists and women workers to almost every state in India within a short time.  For mission work - a Board for Evangelistic Work, for women’s work - a Board for Women’s Work, for youth work - a Board for Youth Work, and for Sunday school Work - a Board for Sunday School Work, were formed.  The Church made rapid progress under the able leadership of its Bishops and clergy.

It is worth mentioning that the membership of the new Church in the International Council of Christian Churches gave the new Church status in the international circle.  Dr. Carl McIntire, the then President of the International Council of Christian Churches and its leaders came several times to the new Church's Annual General Conventions as speakers.  The new Church constructed its Central Hall and office complex during early sixties with the help of Dr. Carl McIntire.

The St. Thomas Evangelical Fellowship of India

On July 10, 1965 Bishop John Varghese passed away and the Prathinidhi Sabha (Representative Body) of the Church authorized the Church Council to take steps to consecrate two persons as Bishops.  The Council of the Church took necessary steps to consecrate two persons as bishops, but it was thwarted by the underhand dealings of few Council members.  Hence no person was elected at the special session of the Representative Body called for that purpose.  This created tension in the Church and Prathinidhi Sabha was dissolved as per the rules of the Episcopal Election Rules of the Church.  Even though a new Prathinidhi Sabha was constituted, it could not elect a new bishop to the Church.  To crown it all, the Prathinidhi Sabha and the Council passed motions ex-communicating the only bishop in the Church, the Most Rev. Dr. K.N. Oommen, in utter violation of the constitution of the Church.

Thus after a few years, some members of the new Church slowly decided to abandon and move away from its guiding principles.  They wanted to abandon the Episcopal character of the Church and move away from some of its fundamental founding principles.  The violation of the constitution by the majority of the Prathinidhi Sabha and the Council led the Church to a stand-still.  The St. Thomas Evangelical Fellowship was formed in 1971 to ensure that the Church adhered to its founding priciples of keeping the 66 books of the Holy Bible as the foundation and authority for all spiritual matters of the Church and to carry out its service to the Church members.  The members of the Church who accepted the Most Rev. K.N. Oommen as the Presiding Bishop of the Church formed a society under the Travancore Cochin Literary and Charitable Societies Registration Act. XII of 1955 and got it registered in 1971.  Even though a settlement to the disputes in the Church was reached in 1974 it could not last because of the adamant attitude of the then ruling group in the Church.

In 1977 Rev. P. S. Varghese was consecrated as the Bishop of the Fellowship.  That was the only choice left for the faithful members of the Church to safeguard the interest of the Church as well as the Episcopacy of the Church.  The reformists who came out from the Mar Thoma Church decided this new Church should be an Episcopal Church.  The Fellowship made remarkable progress under the able leadership of Rev. P.C. Zachariah and leaders like Bishop K.N. Oommen and Bishop P. S. Varghese.  Bishop K.N. Oommen was called Home in 1984 and Rev. M.K. Koshy who was the Secretary of the Fellowship was consecrated as Bishop in 1985.

A plot of land containing 2 acres and 65 cents was purchased for the Fellowship in 1985 and Rev. P.C. Zachariah donated the present office building of the Fellowship which has got an area of 6000 sq. ft. in memory of his late wife Mrs. Elizaba Zachariah.  Rev. P.C. Zachariah and his children gave another remarkable gift to the Fellowship which is our present auditorium that can accommodate nearly 1000 members - the Poozhikalayil Thomas & Mariamma Chacko Memorial Auditorium, as a memorial to Rev. Zachariah's late parents.

A Sevinee Mandiram (Women’s Home) was constructed with the help of our Church members.  Our women workers are unmarried and they are working in different parts of Kerala.  A Seminary in memory of our late Bishop K.N. Oommen was started in the year 1989.  The foundation stone of the Seminary was laid down by Dr. Carl McIntire, President of the International Council of Christian Churches in 1987.

The Rev. P.C. Zachariah’s contribution in the formation and growth of the Church as well as the Fellowship is outstanding.  After he was called Home in 1992, his children, Dr. Chacko P. Zachariah, Dr. Mammen P. Zachariah, Dr. Zachariah P. Zachariah, and Mrs. Mary George, donated their ancestral property at Trivandrum to the Fellowship.

After the death of Rev. P.C. Zachariah in 1992, there were some reconciliation talks with the ruling group in the Church.  At the end of the reconciliation talks in 1995, the Vice President of the Fellowship, Bishop M.K. Koshy, along with a few Presbyters and their followers switched sides and joined the dissident group.  To strengthen the Fellowship Rev. A.I. Alexander was consecrated as the Bishop of the Fellowship in 1995.  Bishop P.S. Varghese was called Home in 1996.  The disputes between the two factions in the Church were settled in 2000 and the two sides have decided to function as two independent churches; viz. St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India (Fellowship) and St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India.  The St. Thomas Evangelical Fellowship of India will remain as a charitable organization for the propagation of the Gospel.


A small flock has gathered with one faith, one goal, and suffering for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints.  From 1961 onwards, they have been passing through one fiery furnace after another, but with unshakeable trust in their Lord, who spoke: “Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost; Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even unto the end of the World." Amen (Matthew 28:19,20)

The torch which was lighted in A.D. 52 by Apostle Saint Thomas, is now in the hands of the faithful in the Fellowship after passing through generations and generations like in a relay race.  We are waiting for the imminent return of Jesus Christ and on that glorious day we shall see him face to face and will hear the loving words “Well done, thou good and faithful servant; thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will make thee ruler over many things: enter into the joy of thy Lord”.  Yes, we are waiting for the One who stands in the midst of seven golden candlesticks, whose eyes are as a flame of fire, and who is giving rewards to his servants.

History: Year of Foundation: 1961, Christians-30,000.

Former Bishops: Most. Rev. K.N.Oommen (1961-1965), Most Rev.P.John Vargheese (1961-1972).

Bishops: Most Rev.T.C.Cherian.  Ph: 0473-601004, Most Rev.M.K.Koshy. Ph: 0479-452325

Officials

• President
  Most Rev. Dr. M. K. Koshy
  Presiding Bishop
  
  
• Vice-President
  Rt. Rev. T. C. Cherian
  Bishop
  President of the Representative Assembly (Prathinithi Sabha)
  
  
• Vicar General
  Very Rev. P. M. Samuel
  Very Rev. P. T. Chandapillai
  
  
• Secretary
  Rev. C. K. Jacob
  
  
• Treasurer
  Rev. Thomas Abraham
  
  
• Board Secretaries
  
  
  • Evangelistic Board
    Rev. Varghese Philip
    
    
  • Women's Board 
    Mrs. Mary Mathew
    
    
  • Youth Board
    Rev. Mathew Philip
    
    
  • Sunday School Board 
    Rev. V. V. George
    
    
  • Education Board
    Prof. John Zechariah

History:-St.Thomas Evangelical Church of India was born out of the Mar Thoma Church of India. In 1953 a group of believers of Mar Thoma Church contended that the then Metropolitan of the Church  and the Synod was contaminating the theology of the Church.

            Mr. K.N. Daniel, leader of this group approached the Civil Court of Kottayam, Kerala pleading that the Metropolitan be banned from functioning.  He contended that the Mar Thoma Church has abandoned the Lutheran Doctrine on Christ’s presence in the bread and wine and accepted the Jacobite version, which holds that there is a kind of presence of Christ in the bread broken at Lord’s Supper.  He also argued that the authorities watered down the belief about the dead.  The democratic form of administration envisaged by Bible was also destroyed. The verdict of the Court was against Mr. Daniel.  He approached higher court including the Supreme Court of India in 1964, but could not win.  He died as a Mar Thomite.

          Meanwhile in 1960 four priests, Rev. John Varghese, P.I.Mathai C.M.Varghese and K.O.John who were against the official group were ex-communicated. They together with their supporters assembled at Thiruvalla and formed the new Church.  They elected Rev. John Vargheese and K.N.Oommen as Bishops.  They were consecrated by twelve priests.  Bishop John Vargheese died in 1965 and Oommen in 1972.  The successors could not be elected till 1979 due to internal problems of the Church.

Rev. T.C.Cherian was elected Bishop in 1979 and K.M.Koshi, in 1995.  The Church has today 59 priests, five deacons, 127 evangelists and 47 women evangelists.  The Church has 173 parishes in Kerala, 32 in other Indian states and 13 outside India .